Lesson 59 Collecting收藏 单元复习 并列句

Collecting ^{动名词，这个词更强调收藏的动作、行为(爱好)}

• collection ^{名词，这个词多表示收藏的东西、藏品}

People tend to amass possessions, sometimes without being aware of doing so.

tend to do ^{往往、常常、倾向于}

• She tends to get nervous before exams. ^{她往往在考试前变得紧张。}
• Men tend to put on weight in middle age. ^{男人到了中年体重往往会增加。}
• People that are single tend to be more footloose. ^{单身族们常过得无拘无束。}

intend to do ^打算去做

• I intend to finish the project by tomorrow. ^{我打算在明天前完成这个项目。}
• They intend to bring the men up in a special capsule.
• Debbie intends to take short rests every two hours. 

amass possessions ^{积累财富、财产}

• People tend to amass possessions, sometimes without being aware of doing so.
• In a society that sets the gathering of possessions as the chief human objective, they will amass property. ^{在一个以聚敛财富为人生主要目标的社会中，人们会积聚财产。}
• We as a society have been taught to consume and amass material possessions. ^{作为一个社会，我们被教育说要消费，要占有物质。}

belongings / things ^{（习惯用复数）动产}

• He told me to unpack my things and then come down to dinner. 
• They dumped his belongings unceremoniously on the floor. ^{他们粗暴地把他的物品摔到地板上。}
• Ginette and I gathered our things together. ^{吉内特和我把我们的东西集中到一起。}

assets ^资产

• The company has assets worth millions of dollars. ^{这家公司拥有价值数百万美元的资产。}
• By the end of 1989 the group had assets of $3.5 billion. ^{到1989年底该集团已有35亿美元的资产。}
• The book gives a yardstick for measuring assets. ^{该书为评估资产提供了一种标准。}

… without being aware of doing so.

•  … without being conscious of doing so. ^{没有意识到(课文写法替换)}
• They disregard social conventions without being conscious that they are doing anything extraordinary.
• He left the house without being aware of forgetting his keys. ^{他没有意识到忘带钥匙就离开了家。}

造句：People tend to sleep less when they get older, sometimes without being aware of doing so.  ^{人们变老时往往睡得更少，有时候自己都没有意识到。}

Indeed they can have a delightful surprise when they find something useful which they did not know they owned.

delightful surprise ^{惊喜交加(矛盾修饰法)}

• Her unexpected visit was a delightful surprise. ^{她的突然拜访是个惊喜交加的意外。}
• The news gave him a delightful surprise. ^{这消息使他喜出望外。}
• The announcement of your engagement to Robert Haines is a delightful surprise. ^{你和罗伯特·海恩斯先生订婚的消息，确实是一件惊喜的事。}

Those who never have to move house become indiscriminate collectors of what can only be described as clutter.

move house / home ^搬家[英]

• We’re moving house / home next week. move
• We’re moving next week. 
•  She had often considered moving to Seattle. ^{她那时常常考虑搬到西雅图去。}
• Modigliani announced his move to Montparnasse in 1909. ^{莫迪里亚尼1909年宣布他要搬到蒙帕尔纳斯去。}

be described as … ^被称为…

• She was described as a talented artist. ^{她被称为一位有才华的艺术家。}
• He has been variously described as a hero, a genius and a bully. ^{他被描述为英雄、天才、恶霸，不一而足。}
• The man was described as tall and dark, and aged about 20. ^{据描述这男人高个子，深色皮肤，年龄在20岁左右。}

They leave unwanted objects in drawers, cupboards and attics for years, in the belief that they may one day need just those very things.

undesirable / unwelcome  ^{不想要的、不需要的}

• The behavior was considered undesirable in a professional setting. ^{这种行为在职业环境中被认为是不受欢迎的。}
• The mayor delivered the unwelcome news that city employees may have to take unpaid time off. ^{市长宣布了人们不想听到的消息，所有城市雇员可能不得不进行不带薪休工。}
• This can have some undesirable side effects. ^{这可能会产生一些不想要的副作用。}

in the thought that …  ^{in the + 表示感觉的名词(在句中作原因状语)}

• Young men who have reason to fear that they will be killed in battle may justifiably feel bitter in the thought that (=because they think that) they have cheated of the best things that life has to offer.
• He apologized in the thought that it would make things better. ^{他道歉是因为认为这会改善情况。}

造句：He takes vitamin pills every day in the belief that they may benefit his health. ^{他每天都吃维生素药丸，相信这样对健康有好处。}
造句：He wrote to the girl one letter after another in the hope of winning her heart. ^{他给这个女孩子写了一封又一封信希望能赢得芳心。}

… that they may one day need just those very things. ^{注意：课文这句话这两个词的词性}

• He is just the very man wanted by the police.
• This is just the very picture in which we are part. ^{这正是我们身置其中的世界图景。}
• It is meaningless, nothing is to be achieved; just the very activity is enjoyed. ^{不需要意义也没有什么要达成，只是享受在这些行动中。}
• Or just a very unusual sensation? ^{或者仅仅是一种非常特别不寻常的感觉呢？}
• It is just a very strange mask. ^{它仅是一个很奇怪的面具。}

As they grow old, people also accumulate belongings for two other reasons, lack of physical and mental energy, both of which are essential in turning out and throwing away, and sentiment.

“名词 + 介词 + 关系代词” 引导非限定性定语从句 ^{前提是定语从句修饰的不是先行词本身，而是先行词相关的东西或一部分}

造句：He has two sons, one of whom died in the war. ^{他有两个儿子，其中的一个死于战火。}
造句：The speaker posed four questions, the answers to which proved very illuminating. ^{演讲者提了四个问题，它们的答案被证明非常具有启发性。}

• She hurried home to feed her cats, one of which had just had kittens.
• The most valuable find of all was the ship's log book, parts of which it was still possible to read.

sentiment ^{n. [U] (usu. derog. 通常作贬义)tender feelings of pity, nostalgia, etc. which may be exaggerated or wrongly directed (contrasted esp. with reason)（对怜悯﹑ 怀旧等的）情感，多愁善感，感情用事（尤与理智相对）}

• There's no room for sentiment in business.
• She was sentimentally attached to this house, for even though it was far too big for her needs, she persisted in living there long after her husband's death.
•  Laura kept that letter out of sentiment. ^{劳拉出于伤感保留了那封信。}

Things owned for a long time are full of associations with the past, perhaps with relatives who are dead, and so they gradually acquire a value beyond their true worth.

Things owned for a long time…

Things kept / possessed for a longtime … ^{课文写法替换}

… full of associations with the past…

… full of connections with the past, …^{课文写法替换}

relative ^{n. 亲戚；相关物}

• She visited her relatives during the holiday. ^{她在假期拜访了亲戚。}
• Get a relative to look after the children. ^{找个亲戚来照看这些孩子。}
•  The pheasant is a close relative of the guinea hen. ^{这种雉鸡和这种珍珠鸡是亲缘物种。}

nostalgia ^{n. 乡愁；怀旧之情；怀乡病}

• He felt a wave of nostalgia when he visited his hometown. ^{当他访问家乡时，感到了一股怀旧之情。}
• He might be influenced by nostalgia for the surroundings of his happy youth. ^{他也许被他对快乐青年时代的环境的怀念影响了。}
• The images provoked strong surges of nostalgia for the days of yore. ^{这些影像勾起了对昔日时光的深深怀念。}

and so = and therefore ^{因此(引出并列句，表达结果)}

• Gold Coast has an ideal climate, and so it is not surprising that it has become a tourist paradise.
• I am not an emotional type and so cannot bring myself to tell him I love him. ^{我不是情感外露的人，因此难以开口对他说我爱他。}
• But the call of the wild was simply too strong and so he set off once more. ^{但大自然的吸引力实在太大了，所以他又一次出发了。}

gradually ^逐渐地…

• The climate gradually became warmer. ^{气候逐渐变暖了。}
• The water deepened gradually. ^{水渐渐变深了。}
• My mood gradually lightened. ^{我的心情渐渐好起来。}

beyond their true worth ^{超过了…价值}

• The house was sold for a price beyond its true worth. ^{这房子以超过实际价值的价格出售。}
• Nobody knew the true worth of his work. ^{没有人知道他的工作的真实价值。}
• However, this is not a reflection of your true worth. ^{但这并不能反映你的真实价值。}

appreciate ^{v. 增值}

• The value of our house has appreciated by 50%. 
• The value of the house appreciated over time. ^{这所房子的价值随着时间而增值。}
•  They don't have any confidence that houses will appreciate in value. ^{他们对房屋增值没有一点信心。}

Some things are collected deliberately in the home in an attempt to avoid waste.

deliberately ^{adv. 故意地；谨慎地；慎重地}

• She deliberately avoided answering his question. ^{她故意避开了回答他的问题。}
• He was accused of being deliberately vague. ^{他被指责为故意含糊其辞。}
• The thieves must have deliberately triggered the alarm and hidden inside the house. ^{那些小偷一定是故意触发了报警器，然后藏在屋子里。}

in an attempt to … = in order to … ^{目的、为了做某事…}

• They closed the road in an attempt to reduce traffic in the city.
• She called him in an attempt to apologize. ^{她打电话给他是为了道歉。}
• My friends endured tremendous danger in order to help me.^{为了帮助我，我的朋友们经历了巨大的危险。}

Among these I would list string and brown paper, kept by thrifty people when a parcel has been opened, to save buying these two requisites.

list ^列举

• The actors are listed in order of appearance. 
• The pupils were asked to list the sports they loved most and hated most. ^{学生们被要求列出他们最喜欢的和最讨厌的运动。}
•  A medical examiner has listed the deaths as homicides. ^{验尸官已将这些死亡列为他杀案件。}

save = avoid ^避免

• A stitch in time saves nine. ^{一针及时省九针}
• He took the back road to save time and avoid traffic. ^{他走小路以节省时间并避免交通堵塞。}

save sb. sth. / doing sth. ^{省的做某事}

• If you lend me some money, it will save me a trip to the bank. 
• If you tell her the news, it will save me calling her.
• They could be saved so much misery and expense if they chose to live in the city where they rightly belong.

Collecting small items can easily become a mania.

-mania ^{对...狂热的（用于构成名词，表示）狂热，异常兴奋}

• kleptomania
• nymphomania
• pyromania
• a pyromaniac ^纵火狂
• tulip mania ^{郁金香狂热}

I know someone who always cuts sketches out from newspapers of model clothes that she would like to buy if she had the money.

I know someone… ^{我认识的某个人}

• Do you know of any good restaurants nearby? ^{你知道附近有什么好餐馆吗？}
• The hosts know someone who is a comedian who will be replacing the band. ^{会有主办方认识的某位喜剧演员来取代乐队。}
• We all know someone who's hit a rough patch. ^{我们都知道有人遇到了困难。}

… if she had the money.

… if she could afford them. ^{课文写法替换}
… if she could afford such purchases.

As she is not rich, the chances that she will ever be able to afford such purchases are remote; but she is never sufficiently strong minded to be able to stop the practice.

chances that … / of … + are remote / slight / slim / small ^{做某事机会很小}

• The chances of winning the lottery are remote. ^{中奖的机会非常小。}
• There is little chance of rain today according to the forecast. ^{根据天气预报，今天下雨的几率很小。}
• The following day, however, the doctor consoled him by telling him that his chances of being able to leave hospital in time for New Year celebrations were good. 

strong-minded enough ^{足够的意志坚定（enough 要后置）}

• She was strong-minded enough to refuse the tempting offer. ^{她意志坚定，拒绝了这个诱人的提议。}
• No, I don't think she's that strong-minded. ^{不会的，她的意志没有那么坚强。}

practice ^{习俗（惯例、习惯性做法）}

• On the other hand, your stomach would turn at the idea of frying potatoes in animal fat—the normally accepted practice in many northern countries.
• It’s a common practice in some cultures to greet with a bow. ^{在某些文化中，鞠躬是常见的习俗。}

It is a harmless habit, but it litters up her desk to such an extent that every time she opens it, loose bits of paper fall out in every direction.

litter (up) ... ^{杂乱的堆满某个地方}

• The garden was soon littered with chunks of metal which had once made up a lawn mower. 
•  The entrance hall is littered with toys. ^{入口大厅里散落着玩具。}
• Don't litter up the floor with scraps of paper. ^{不要在地板上乱扔纸屑。}

in every direction ^{向四方八分飘散}

• What can be done to distribute the sound evenly in every direction? ^{怎样才能使声音在各个方向上均匀分布呢？}
• People shouted and ran in every direction. ^{人们一边喊叫一边向四面八方跑。}
• Stones were flying about in every direction. ^{石块朝四面八方乱飞。}
• Roads radiate from the city in every direction. ^{道路从城市通向四面八方。}
• After school the children went home in every direction. ^{放学之后，同学们朝不同方向回家了。}

Collecting as a serious hobby is quite different and has many advantages.

quite ^adv.完全

• In winter, however, life at the monastery is quite different.
• My position is quite different. ^{我的立场完全不同。}
• It is quite clear that we were firing in self defence. ^{非常清楚，我们当时是自卫还击。}

It provides relaxation for leisure hours, as just looking at one's treasures is always a joy.

relaxation ^{n.[u]休息，消遣；休闲活动}

• The relaxation of travel restrictions means they are free to travel and work. ^{旅游限制的放松意味着他们可以自由地旅游和工作。}
• Fishing is his favourite relaxation. ^{钓鱼是他最喜欢的消遣活动。}
• Everyone needs some free time for rest and relaxation. ^{人人都需要一些休息和放松的空闲时间。}

 leisure hours ^{闲暇时间(常用复数)}

• He talked and laughed away his leisure hours. ^{他的空闲时间就是在说说笑笑中消磨掉的。}
• They validly reminded me of the starting of my leisure hours. ^{它们确切的点醒我，休闲的时刻开始了。}
• Almost without exception computer games occupy most of our leisure hours. ^{几乎毫无例外，游戏占据了我们大部分的空余时间。}

One does not have to go outside for amusement, since the collection is housed at home.

house ^{v.提供住处}

• The refugees have been fed, clothed and housed by welfare organizations around the world. 
• The Palace Museum houses the biggest collection of antiques in China.
• The building is open to the public and houses a museum of motorcycles and cars. ^{这座大楼对公众开放，并设有一个摩托车和汽车博物馆。}
• The building will house twelve boys and eight girls. ^{这栋房子要住12个男孩和8个女孩。}

Whatever it consists of, stamps, records, first editions of books, china, glass, antique furniture, pictures, model cars, stuffed birds, toy animals, there is always something to do in connection with it, from finding the right place for the latest addition, to verifying facts in reference books.

Whatever it consists of ^由…组成

• The United States will do whatever it can to help Greece. ^{美国将尽一切所能帮助希腊。}
• Whatever it consists of, the machine works perfectly. ^{无论它由什么组成，这台机器运转得很好。}
• Whatever it was couldn't be seen. ^{我们无法看到那究竟是什么东西。}

in connection with … ^{关于 …}

• I am writing to you in connection with your job application.
• He was questioned in connection with the recent robbery. ^{他因涉及最近的抢劫案而被询问。}
• Police have detained two suspects in connection with the attack. ^{警方拘留了2名与该袭击事件有关的嫌疑人。}

reference book  ^参考书

• You can find the information in the reference book. ^{你可以在参考书中找到这些信息。}
• A widely read reference book on the topic is listed under resources. ^{参考资料中列出了关于该主题的许多参考书籍。}

This hobby educates one not only in the chosen subject, but also in general matters which have some bearing on it.

have … bearing on … ^与…有关

• Exercise has a direct bearing on how healthy you are. 
• What he said had not much bearing on the problem.
• His private life has no bearing on his competence as a manager.

There are also other benefits. ^{长短句结合；前一句话长，后一句话长}

benefits ^{n.利益，好处}

• This could now work to Albania's benefit. ^{这可能现在对阿尔巴尼亚有利。}
• The benefits are immense. ^{效益是极大的。}
• She preached about the benefits of a healthy lifestyle. ^{她宣扬了健康生活的好处。}
• You'll soon begin to reap the benefits of being fitter. ^{你很快就会获得身体更健康带来的好处。}

One wants to meet like-minded collectors, to get advice, to compare notes, to exchange articles, to show off the latest find.

meet ^{v. get to know, get acquainted with 结识…}

• I’d like you to meet one of my best friends, Peter.
• You can stretch your legs on the spacious decks, play games, meet interesting people and enjoy good food …
• Hey, Terry, come and meet my Dad. ^{嗨，特里，过来见见我爸爸。}
•  "Jennifer," Miss Mallory said, "this is Leigh Taylor."—"Pleased to meet you," Jennifer said. ^{“珍妮弗，”马洛里小姐说，“这位是利·泰勒。” —“很高兴认识你，” 珍妮弗说道。}

compare notes (with sb) = exchange ideas or opinions ^{交换意见、交换观点、交流心得}

• We saw the play separately and compared notes afterwards.
• Leading scientists got together in Paris to compare notes on current research. 
• The team met to exchange ideas or opinions on the upcoming project. ^{团队开会交换了关于即将到来的项目的想法和意见。}

show off ^炫耀

• She raised her wrist, showing off a sparkling diamond bracelet.
• He loves to show off his new car to his friends. ^{他喜欢向朋友们炫耀他的新}
• All right, there's no need to show off. ^{好啦，没有必要炫耀了。}
• Naomi was showing off her engagement ring. ^{内奥米那时正在炫耀她的订婚戒指。}

find ^{n.发现物，被发现的人（尤指有趣、有价值或有用者）}

• The restaurant was a real find.
• My new secretary was a marvelous find.
• The most valuable find of all was the ship's log book, parts of which it was still possible to read. 

So one's circle of friends grows.

circle ^{（人际）圈子}

• She belongs to a close-knit circle of friends. ^{她属于一个关系密切的朋友圈。}
• Jeremy Hampden has a large circle of friends and is very popular at parties.
• He has a small circle of friends. ^{他有一个小小的朋友圈子。}

Soon the hobby leads to travel, perhaps to a meeting in another town, possibly a trip abroad in search of a rare specimen, for collectors are not confined to any one country.

in search of … = searching for … ^寻找

• Scientists are in search of a cure for the disease.
• They went in search of new opportunities abroad. ^{他们出国寻找新的机会。}
• He’s been searching for a solution to the problem all week. ^{他整个星期都在寻找问题的解决方案。}

Over the years, one may well become an authority on one's hobby and will very probably be asked to give informal talks to little gatherings and then, if successful, to larger audiences.

may / might / could well  ^{used to say that sth. is likely to happen or is likely to be true 可能}

• What you say may well be true.
• You could try the drugstore, but it might well be closed by now. 

on ^{某方面的权威，介词用on}

• Yuan Longping is a leading authority on hybrid rice.
• Dr. Smith is an authority on climate change and its global impact.  ^{史密斯博士是气候变化及其全球影响方面的权威。}
• The professor is considered an expert on ancient Roman history. ^{那位教授被认为是古罗马历史方面的权威。}
• She wrote a book and became a leading authority on sustainable architecture. ^{她写了一本书，成为可持续建筑领域的权威。}

gathering ^{n.  a group of people meeting together 人群，聚会}

• a social / family gathering
• a gathering of religious leaders 
• We attended a gathering of former neighbors of Alaska. ^{我们参加了一个阿拉斯加前邻居们的聚会。}

Over the years, one may well become an authority on one‘s hobby and will very probably be asked to give informal talks to little gatherings and then, if (he is) successful, to larger audiences.^{状语从句，主语和be动词同时省略}

In this way self-confidence grows, first from mastering a subject, then from being able to talk about it.

mastering ^{n./v. 精通，掌握}

• Mastering tools and working with one's hands shapes people's thinking and behavior. ^{精通工具的使用，并用手劳作，这两者都能塑造人的思想和行为。}
• Mastering one thing to the exclusion of others can hold back your true spirit. ^{精通一件事而排除其他事，会阻碍你真正的精神。}
• Invest in mastering the new. ^{尽量掌握新的内容。}

Collecting, by occupying spare time so constructively, makes a person contented, with no time for boredom.

make sb. adj. ^{表示使某人处于某种状态}

• A simple life makes a person contented. ^{简单的生活让人感到满足。}
• The joke made her happy. ^{这个笑话让她开心。}
• What he said made me sad. ^{他说得话让我很伤心。}
• His gruff manner made me angry. ^{他粗暴的态度让我生气。}
• Adventures make me happy. ^{冒险让我快乐。}