Lesson 14 A noble gangster贵族歹徒 写作范文

There was a time when the owners of shops and businesses in Chicago had to pay large sums of money to gangsters in return for 'protection'. ^{无灵主语开头（复合句）}

If the money was not paid promptly, the gangsters would quickly put a man out of business by destroying his shop. ^{条件状语从句开头（复合句）}

Obtaining 'protection money' is not a modern crime. ^{长→短→长 ；无灵主语开头（简单句）}

As long ago as the fourteenth century, an Englishman, Sir John Hawkwood, made the remarkable discovery that people would rather pay large sums of money than have their life work destroyed by gangsters. ^{介词短语作时间状语开头（复合句）}

Sir Winston Churchill ^{温斯顿·丘吉尔爵士(国王册封才行)}

• Mr. ^{先生(成年男子皆可用)}
• Sir Winston ^{简写时Sir + 名}
• Mr. Churchill ^{Mr. + 姓}

would rather / sooner do than do ^{宁可做...也不做...}

• prefer to do rather than do ^{宁愿做而不愿做（偏爱）}
• prefer doing to doing ^{更喜欢做某事而不是做另一件事}
• would rather / sooner（that）^{...虚拟语气}
• I'd rather (that) Susan were here now. ^真希望...

have sth. done ^{使某事被做(请某人做某事；使役动词)}

• He had his watch stolen. ^{倒霉的经历（不是请人把他表偷了）}
• King Charles I had his head cut off.

Six hundred years ago, Sir John Hawkwood arrived in Italy with a band of soldiers and settled near Florence.^{副词短语作时间状语开头（复合句）}

造句：As long ago as 1994, I arrived in Beijing with my parents and settled near the Temple of Heaven.^{早在1994年，我就随父母到了北京，并在天坛附近定居了下来。}

settle down ^{安定下来（浪子回头）}

• They'd like to see their daughter settle down, get married, and have kids.
• Assuming that his family had been killed during an air raid, Hans settled down in a village fifty miles away where he had remained ever since. ^NCE3-36

He soon made a name for himself and came to be known to the Italians as Giovanni Acuto. ^{主谓结构开头（复合句）}

A be known to B as ... ^{B把A称为⋯}

• He was known to us all as Dickie and his eccentricity had become legendary long before he died. ^NCE3-31

造句：Li Bai is known to the Chinese as 'poet-immortal'. ^{中国人把李白称诗仙}
造句：Basketball player Earvin Johnson soon made a name for himself and came to be known to the Americans as 'Magic Johnson'. ^{篮球运动员迅速出名了，并且美国人开始把他称为“魔术师约翰逊“。}

Whenever the Italian city-states were at war with each other, Hawkwood used to hire his soldiers to princes who were willing to pay the high price he demanded. ^{让步状语从句开头（复合句）}

In times of peace, when business was bad, Hawkwood and his men would march into a city-state and, after burning down a few farms, would offer to go away if protection money was paid to them. ^{介词短语作时间状语开头（复合句）}

• The general commanded his men to fire. ^{他的士兵们}
• He contented himself with a subordinate job. ^{他满足于做下属工作。}

造句：As long ago as the 1930's, the Red Army had completed the successful Long March during which they covered 25,000 li.^{早在20世纪30年代，红军就完成了伟大的长征，在这期间他们走过了25,000里。}

除了使用If做条件还可以使用下面的

In spite of this, the Italians regarded him as a sort of hero. ^{介词短语作让步状语开头（简单句）}

regard sb. as ^{视为，认为}

• To do something my brain would regard as creative. ^{做一些我的大脑认为有创造性的事情。}
• We regard her as our younger sister.^{我们把她当做自己的妹妹。}
• Don't regard me as a child. ^{别把我当成小孩看待。}

When he died at the age of eighty, the Florentines gave him a state funeral and had a picture painted which was dedicated to the memory of 'the most valiant soldier and most notable leader, Signor Giovanni Haukodue’. ^{时间状语从句开头（复合句）}

a state funeral ^国葬

• a state visit ^国事访问
• a state banquet ^国宴
• state affairs ^{国是（事）}
• the State Council ^国务院

造句：When Ronald Reagan died at the age of 93, the Americans gave him a state funeral and had a statue built which was dedicated to the memory of the great president.^{当罗纳德里根在93 岁去世时，美国人为他举行了一次国葬，并请人塑了一尊塑像以纪念这位伟大的总统。}

高级作文句子要领

1. 复合句为主，简单句作为点缀和过渡。
2. 句式多变，尤其句首切忌雷同。