Lesson 44 Patterns of culture 【单词列表】

commonplace [ˈkɔmənpleis] adj. 平凡的

【例】Sometimes the commonplace things are what people want.

   有时候那些不起眼的东西才是人们想要的。

【扩】characterless 平凡的,无特征的

aberrant [æˈberənt] adj. 脱离常轨的,异常的

trivial [ˈtriviəl] adj. 微不足道的

predominant [priˈdɔminənt] adj. 占优势的,起支配作用的

【派】predominantly 主要地

【扩】regnant 占优势的,占支配地位的

* * *

A: Which do you think is the predominant partner of them two?

B: I'm afraid I don't know.

A:你看他们俩之中谁占支配地位?

B:恐怕我不知道。

* * *

manifest [ˈmænifest] adj. 明显的

【扩】palpable 明显的,易察觉的  evident 明显的,明白的

* * *

A: Fear was manifest on his face.

B: Do you mean he is the real murderer?

A:他脸上显露出恐惧的神色。

B:你是说他才是真正的凶手?

* * *

pristine [ˈpristiːn] adj. 纯洁的,质朴的

【扩】unvarnished 质朴的,无修饰的

* * *

A: She tells stories with pristine language in the book.

B: It must be very touching.

A:她在书中用质朴的语言讲述着一个个的故事。

B:那一定很动人。

* * *

stereotype [ˈsteriətaip] n. 陈规

【例】He doesn't conform to the usual stereotype of the city businessman.

   他不是典型城市商人的那个样子。

vernacular [vəˈnækjulə] n. 方言

【扩】dialect 方言  localism 方言

* * *

A: It's forbidden to communicate with vernacular here.

B: Sorry, I didn't know it before.

A:在这儿不许用方言交谈。

B:对不起,我之前并不知道这一点。

* * *

accommodation [əˌkɔməˈdeiʃn] n. 适应

【例】We have to make an accommodation to the wartime condition then.

   我们那时候必须适应战时的条件。

incumbent [inˈkʌmbənt] adj. 义不容辞的,有责任的

【扩】bounden 必须负担的  responsible 有责任的

【搭】be incumbent on sb. to do sth. 某人有责任做某事

* * *

A: It's incumbent on you to warn them.

B: But I can't get in touch with them now.

A:你有责任告诫他们。

B:但是我现在联系不上他们。

* * *

preliminary [priˈliminəri] adj. 初步的

【搭】preliminary to 在……之前

【例】Our preliminary research only covered existing users of our products.

   我们的初步调研只是在产品现有的用户中进行。

proposition [ˌprɔpəˈziʃən] n. 主张

【扩】viewpoint 主张,看法  assertion 主张,论断

【搭】a tough proposition 一件棘手的事情

* * *

A: It's not an easy proposition.

B: But nobody knows how to deal with it except you.

A:这件事不好办啊。

B:但是除了你没有人知道怎么处理啊。

* * *

preference [ˈprefərəns] n. 优先(权)

* * *

A: The elder son has preference over the younger one.

B: I think it's unfair.

A:长子较之非长子享有优先权。

B:我认为这不公平。

* * *

controversial [ˌkɔntrəˈvəːʃəl] adj. 引起争论的

【扩】moot 有争议的,未决的

* * *

A: Do you have anything to be discussed?

B: Yes, the most controversial issue is the overtime pay.

A:你们还有什么要讨论的问题吗?

B:是的,最具争议性的话题是加班费。

* * *

cactus [ˈkæktəs] n. 仙人掌

termite [ˈtəːmait] n. 白蚁

nebula [ˈnebjulə] n. 星云

variant [ˈveəriənt] adj. 不同的

【扩】varying 不同的

【搭】a variant form of a word 异体字

* * *

A: You must pay attention to the variant spellings of the words.

B: I will be careful when I read them.

A:你要注意这些单词不同的拼法。

B:看到它们的时候我会小心的。

* * *

barbarian [bɑːˈbeəriən] n. 野蛮人

pagan [ˈpeiɡən] n. 异教徒

sophisticated [səˈfistikeitid] adj. 老练的

【扩】veteran 老练的  tactful 老练的

【反】unsophisticated 单纯的

* * *

A: You look very sophisticated in the suit.

B: The tailor makes the man.

A:你穿上这套西装看起来非常老练。

B:人靠衣装嘛!

* * *

premise [ˈpremis] n. 前提

【派】premises 营业场所

【搭】on the premise of 在……的前提下

* * *

A: We must act on the premise that the worst thing might happen.

B: OK. I will notice everyone to get prepared for it.

A:我们必须在可能发生最坏事情的前提下行动。

B:好的,我会通知每一个人都做好准备的。

* * *

supernatural [ˌsuːpəˈnætʃərəl] adj. 超自然的

 

commonplace

🇬🇧/ˈkɒmənpleɪs/ 🇺🇸/ˈkɑːmənpleɪs/adj. 平凡的
If something is commonplace, it happens often or is often found, and is therefore not surprising. 常见的

adjective [原级]平凡的,不足为奇的;平庸的,陈腐的 - Inter-racial marriages have become commonplace. 不同种族间的通婚已经变得很常见。

noun [具体名词]司空见惯的事,常见的东西;老生常谈,陈词滥调 - Simpson's much vaunted discoveries are in fact commonplace in modern sociology. 辛普森的那些被过分称赞的发现在现代社会学中实际上是老生常谈。

aberrant

//adj. 脱离常轨的,异常的

trivial

//adj. 微不足道的,琐细的

predominant

//adj. 占优势的,起支配作用的

manifest

/ˈmænɪfest/v. 表明
If you say that something is manifest, you mean that it is clearly true and that nobody would disagree with it if they saw it or considered it. 明显的

verb [vt. 及物动词]显示,表明;(鬼魂或神灵)显灵,出现;(病症)显现;把…列入货单 - If you manifest a particular quality, feeling, or illness, or if it manifests itself, it becomes visible or obvious. 显现出

adjective [原级]明显的,显而易见的 - Manifest is also an adjective. 显现出的 •  The same alarm is manifest everywhere.  同样的恐慌在各地都已出现。

noun [集合/集体]旅客名单,载货清单;货运列车编组清单 - Your first edit is to the manifest file. 首先要编辑的是清单文件。

pristine

//adj. 纯洁的,质朴的

stereotype

/ˈsteriətaɪp/n. 陈规
A stereotype is a fixed general image or set of characteristics that a lot of people believe represent a particular type of person or thing. 模式化形象; 成见

noun [专属名词]模式化的思想,老一套;公式化人物;铅版,铅版浇铸,铅版印刷 - There's always been a stereotype about successful businessmen. 对成功的商人们总有一种成见。

verb [vt. 及物动词]对……形成刻板的看法,(尤指)对……有成见;使用铅版 - He was stereotyped by some as a renegade. 他被一些人带着成见视为一名叛逆者。

vernacular

//n. 方言

accommodation

//n. 适应

incumbent

//adj. 义不容辞的,有责任的

preliminary

//adj. 初步的

proposition

//n. 主张

preferrential

//adj. 优先的

controversial

//adj. 引起争论的

cactus

//n. 仙人掌

termite

//n. 白蚁

nebula

//adj. 星云

variant

//n. 不同的

barbarian

//n. 野蛮人

pagan

//n. 异教徒

sophistication

/səˌfɪstɪˈkeɪʃn/n. 老练
The sophistication of people, places, machines, or methods is their quality of being sophisticated. 老练; 复杂性; 先进

noun [抽象名词]精明老练;(人的)高度文化修养;(机器、方法的)精密,复杂,先进;诡辩 - It would take many decades to build up the level of education and sophistication required. 要花好几十年的时间来逐步达到所需要的教育和发展水平。

premise

/ˈpremɪs/n. 前提
The premises of a business or an institution are all the buildings and land that it occupies in one place. 经营场所; 办公场所

noun [抽象名词]前提,假设;(企业或机构使用的)房屋及土地(premises);上述各项 - A premise is something that you suppose is true and that you use as a basis for developing an idea. 前提

verb [vt. 及物动词]以…为基础,以…为前提;预先提出,事先提到;<古>声明,说明 - His reasoning is based on the premise that all people are equally capable of good and evil. 他的推理是以人可以为善亦可以为恶为前提的。

supernatural

//adj. 超自然的