Lesson 28 Patients and doctors病人与医生

This is a sceptical age, but although our faith in many of the things in which our forefathers fervently believed has weakened, our confidence in the curative properties of the bottle of medicine remains the same as theirs.

This is a sceptical age, but although our faith in（in… 后置定语） many of the things in which our forefathers fervently believed（定语从句） has weakened（although… 让步状语从句）, our confidence in the curative properties of the bottle of medicine（in… 后置定语） remains the same as theirs.

知识点（1）

This is a sceptical age 这是一个怀疑一切的时代

This is a critical age. 这是一个批判的时代

That was a traumatic age. 这是一个留下创伤的时代

知识点（2）【词汇】 Lesson03-37

faith 信任；相信；信心

great / enormous / tremendous faith    强烈的信心

absolute / implicit faith                                 绝对的信心

complete / total faith                          完全的信心

unshakeable faith                                   不可动摇的信心

blind faith                                             盲目的信心

develop faith in …               对…产生信心

have faith in …                     对…有信心

put / place faith in …      对…倾注了信心

shake / undermine faith in …  动摇了对…的信心

destroy faith in …              摧毁了对…的信心

lose faith in …                     失去了对…的信心

restore faith in …               恢复了了对…的信心

※ Maybe we put too much faith in doctors and medicine. 

※ All her life she had implicit faith in socialism.

【近义词组】表达“信任”：

trust (in) … 

※ Despite her many misfortunes, her trust in God was never shaken.

belief in … 

※ The failure won’t shake his belief in himself. 

confidence in … 

※ Opinion polls show that the voters have lost confidence in the administration.

reliance  on … 

※ You place too much reliance on his expertise.

知识点（3）Lesson03-17

语法：定语从句；在正式书面语中，若关系代词做介词宾语，需将介词置于关系代词之前，非正式文体无此限制。

※ Verrazano, an Italian about whom little is known, sailed into New York Harbour in 1524 and named it Angouleme.

※ They support the cables from which the bridge has been suspended.

※ （正式）This is the house in which I lived for 10 years.

※ （非正式）This is the house which I lived in for 10 years.

※ （正式）I have read the poem of which she is speaking.

※ （非正式）I have read the poem which she is speaking of.

※ It’s a theory to which many economists subscribe, but in practice it often leaves railroads in position of determining which companies will flourish and which will fail.

※ 老托福语法改错题：

※ Many species can communicate an amazing(A) amount of information via(B) sound, information which(C) both the life of an individual and the continued(D) existence of the species may depend.

知识点（4）【词汇】  

【近义词】表达“减弱”：

weaken v.[T, I] ~ (sb/sth) 英文解释：to make sb/sth less strong or powerful; to become less strong or powerful （使）虚弱，衰弱；减弱；削弱

abate v. [I, T] (formal)to become less strong; to make sth less strong （使）减弱，减退，减轻，减少

※ The storm / wind has started to abate. 

ebb [I] ~ (away) 英文解释：to become gradually weaker or less 衰弱；衰退；减退

※ Our enthusiasm soon began to ebb. 

subside v. [I] 英文解释：to become calmer or quieter 趋于平静；平息；减弱；消退

※ The storm began to subside.

※ The applause / pain gradually subsided.

※ I wanna hold you till I die, till we both break down and cry. I wanna hold you till the fear in me subsides.

wane v. [I] 英文解释：to become gradually weaker or less important 衰落；衰败；败落；减弱

※ My enthusiasm for the project was waning. 

damp / dampen v. 英文解释：to make sth such as a feeling or a reaction less strong 抑制，控制，减弱（感情、反应等）

※ damp / dampen one’s spirits / enthusiasm 

知识点（5）

写作：一句话中的三种表达替换

faith in … / confidence in …

believe in …

知识点（6）【词汇】

property n.[C, usually pl.] (formal) a quality or characteristic that sth has 性质；特性

This modern faith in medicines is proved by the fact that the annual drug bill of the Health Services is mounting to astronomical figures and shows no signs at present of ceasing to rise.

This modern faith in medicines is proved the fact that the annual drug bill of the Health Services（后置定语） is mounting to astronomical figures and shows no signs at present（时间状语，前置） of ceasing to rise. （that... 同位语从句）

知识点（1）【词汇】时间

annual adj. 每年的；一年一次的；年度的

※ annual income / meeting / ring

【扩展】

biannual adj. 一年两度的

biennial adj. 两年一次的

triennial adj. 每三年一次的；每三年的

centennial n. 百年纪念 ；adj. 一百年的

millennial adj. 一千年的；千禧年的

perennial adj. 长久的；持续的；反复出现的

※ perennial happiness / youth

知识点（2）【词汇】

service 部分、机构

※ the Health / Civil / Diplomatic Service 

知识点（3）【词汇】

mount v. 英文解释：go up; ascend

※ He mounted the steps to receive his award. 

mount to … 增加到…

※ The death toll mounted to 100.

【近义词组】表达“上升到…”：

come to … / rise to … / increase to … / reach …

【辨析】

amount to … / add up to … 总计是…

※ His monthly earnings amount to / add up to about $4,000. 

知识点（4）

signs of … / indication of … 迹象…

※ I couldn’t see an signs of improvement.

知识点（5）【课文仿写】  

※ Our monthly telephone bill is mounting to astronomical figures and shows no signs at present of ceasing to rise.

The majority of the patients attending the medical out-patients departments of our hospitals feel that they have not received adequate treatment unless they are able to carry home with them some tangible remedy in the shape of a bottle of medicine, a box of pills, or a small jar of ointment, and the doctor in charge of the department is only too ready to provide them with these requirements.

The majority of the patients attending the medical out-patients departments of our hospitals feel that they have not received adequate treatment unless they are able to carry home(状语前置) with them(状语前置)  some tangible remedy in the shape of a bottle of medicine, a box of pills, or a small jar of ointment（后置定语）（unless... 条件状语从句）（that… 表语从句）, and（大并列） the doctor in charge of the department（后置定语） is only too ready to provide them with these requirements.

知识点（1）【词汇】  

attend v. 出席

※ attend the meeting

※ attend college / church / hospital 

知识点（2）【词汇】

outpatient n. 门诊病人

the outpatient department (OPD) 门诊部

inpatient n. 住院病人

the inpatient department (IPD)  住院部

emergency room (ER) n. （医院）急诊室

知识点（3）【复习】Lesson03-08

receive + noun 受到……，得到……，遭到……

※ receive praise / abuse / support / insults

※ receive a warm welcome 

※ receive adequate treatment 

※ receive good education 

※ receive a serious injury

※ receive a great deal of attention

※ These young people, who love the peace of mountains, always receive a warm welcome at St. Bernard's monastery.

※ No creature has received more praise and abuse than the common garden snail.

※ This exhibition received a great deal of attention in the press, for though the pictures were supposed to be the work of famous artists, they had in fact been painted by Dickie.

知识点（4）

in the shape / form of … 以…形式

※ Help came in the shape of a $10,000 loan from his parents. 

※ We haven’t received proposals from him in any shape / form.

※ There is no superior 'they' in the shape of managements and hotel hierarchies to darken his holiday days.

知识点（5）【复习】Lesson03-37

too … to …含义1： 太…而不会…

※ He was too excited to say a word.

too … to …含义2：（包含以下4种类型的形容词的时候，表示）做某事非常...

① glad / pleased … 高兴的

② ready / wiling … 愿意的

③ easy / apt … 容易的

④ eager / anxious … 迫切的

※ It is all too easy to blame the railway authorities when something does go wrong. 

※ I’m too pleased to help you.

※ She is too willing to marry him. 

※ He’s too eager to pass the exam. 

加强语气副词：too … to …表示“做某事非常...”时，前面可加语气副词

(only / all / but) too … to …

※ It is all too easy to blame the railway authorities when something does go wrong. 

※ I’m only too pleased to help you.

※ They're but too glad to do so.

※ …, and the doctor in charge of the department is only too ready to provide them with these requirements.

【扩展】【复习】

can not / never … too … 太…也不过分

※ A woman can’t have too many hats. 

※ A man can never have too many ties.

※ It cannot be too strongly emphasized that mathematics is the basis of science.

※ 双城记

※ Let it deceive them, then, a little longer; it cannot deceive them too much. 

※ 第三帝国的兴衰

※ As for the time of attack, Hitler told his reluctant generals, ‘the start  cannot take place too early. It is to take place in all circumstances this autumn.’

There is no quicker method of disposing of patients than by giving them what they are asking for, and since most medical men in the Health Services are overworked and have little time for offering time-consuming and little-appreciated advice on such subjects as diet, right living, and the need for abandoning bad habits etc. , the bottle, the box, and the jar are almost always granted them.

There is no quicker method of disposing of patients（介词短语引导后置定语） than（than ... 比较状语，省略主句出现的成分） by giving them what  they  are  asking  for（宾语从句）（by... 方式状语）,  and（大并列） since  most  medical  men  in  the Health Services（后置定语） are overworked and have little time for offering time-consuming and little-appreciated advice on such subjects as diet, right living, and the need for abandoning bad habits etc（后置定语）. （since  ... 原因状语从句）, the bottle, the box, and the jar are almost always granted them.

知识点（1）

method of doing sth. 做某事的方法

dispose of …  打发走…

= get rid of …

※ It took me over half an hour to get rid of him.

知识点（2）【复习】  

语法：状语从句的省略

※ There is no quicker method of disposing of patients than the method of disposing of patients by giving them what they are asking for…

知识点（3）【课文仿写】

※ 造句：再也没有比频频地看表更快的打发一个不受欢迎的客人的方法了。

※ There is no quicker method of disposing of an unwelcome guest than by repeatedly looking at the watch.

知识点（4）【词汇】  

medical adj. 医学的；药的；内科的

※ a medical student

※ medical staff / expenses / ethics 

知识点（5）复合形容词

“over-” 过分、过度…

※ overworked 

※ overloaded

※ overcrowded 

※ overestimated 

知识点（6）复合形容词

“-consuming” 消耗的

※ time-consuming 

※ energy-consuming 

※ water-consuming 

※ space-consuming

Nor is it only the ignorant and ill-educated person who has such faith in the bottle of medicine.

知识点（1）Lesson03-53 复合形容词

ill adv. badly

※ ill-treated animals

※ ill-bred

※ ill-advised

※ ill-mannered

※ ill-educated

知识点（2）

nor 

语法1：nor引导并列否定句

※ Spiders are not insects, as many people think, nor even nearly related to them.

语法1：nor单独放在句首、或放在肯定句的后面，此时不翻译为“也不”，只是加强否定语气；翻译为“绝不、一点也不”

※ Haier is China's leading electric appliances manufacturer; nor is this an accident.

It is recounted of Thomas Carlyle that when he heard of the illness of his friend, Henry Taylor, he went off immediately to visit him, carrying with him in his pocket what remained a bottle of medicine formerly prescribed for an indisposition of Mrs. Carlyle's. 

it（形式主语）is recounted of Thomas Carlyle that when he heard of the illness of his friend, Henry Taylor（when ... 时间状语从句）, he went off immediately to visit him, carrying with him（状语前置） in his pocket（状语前置） what remained a bottle of medicine formerly prescribed for an indisposition of Mrs. Carlyle's（非谓语动词做后置定语,修饰medicine）（what… 宾语从句）（carrying... 非谓语动词作伴随状语）. （that...主语从句）

知识点（1）课文人物介绍

Thomas Carlyle

British historian and essayist whose major works include ‘The French Revolution’.

知识点（2）【课文句型提炼】

it is recounted / related of sb. that … 据说…

※ It is recounted of Confucius that he at one time desired a governmental position.

※ It is related of Caesar that when speaking of the ease with which he subdued Egypt, he made use of the laconic saying, ‘I came, I saw, I conquered.’

【扩展】

legend has it that … 据传说…

※ Legend has it that Qu Yuan, a great poet of the Warring States period, threw himself into the Mi Luo River when he heard his homeland had been invaded.

rumor has it that … 谣传…

※ Rumor has it that she only married him for his money. 

word has it that … 据说…

※ Word has it that John is going to keep a dog as a pet. 

知识点（3）Lesson03-10

【近义词组】表达“动身触发”：（单独使用，不强调特殊方式）

go off / out

set off / out

start off / out

※ Four days after setting out, while the Titanic was sailing across the icy waters of the North Atlantic, a huge iceberg was suddenly spotted by a look-out.

知识点（4）Lesson03-33

… what remained of … 剩下的…

… what was left of … 剩下的…

※ Only two stray dogs benefited from all this confusion, for they greedily devoured what was left of the cake.

知识点（5）

prescribe sth. for sth(病). 为了治疗某个病而开出的药

Carlyle was entirely ignorant of what the bottle in his pocket contained, of the nature of the illness from which his friend was suffering, and of what had previously been wrong with his wife, but a medicine that had worked so well in one form of illness would surely be of equal benefit in another, and comforted by the thought of the help he was bringing to his friend, he hastened to Henry Taylor's house.

Carlyle was entirely ignorant of what the bottle in his pocket（后置定语） contained, of the nature of the illness from which his friend was suffering（定语从句）, and of what had previously been wrong with his wife（宾语从句）, but（大并列）a medicine that had worked so well in one form of illness（定语从句） would surely be of equal benefit in another, and（大并列）comforted by the thought of the help he was bringing to his friend（定语从句）（非谓语动词做原因状语）, he hastened to Henry Taylor's house.

知识点（1）

be ignorant of / about … （贬义）应该知道却不知道…

知识点（2）Lesson03-27

语法：并列句中重复的谓语动词可省略，如果后面是介词一般习惯留下介词

※ 课文补全： 

※ Carlyle was entirely ignorant of what the bottle in his pocket contained, (Carlyle was entirely ignorant) of the nature of the illness from which his friend was suffering, and (Carlyle was entirely ignorant) of what had previously been wrong with his wife, but a medicine …

※ In the light of this statement, teachers live by selling knowledge, philosophers (live) by selling wisdom and priests (live) by selling spiritual comfort.

※ We would lay less stress on 'facts and figures' and (lay) more (stress) on a good memory, (lay more stress) on applied psychology, and (lay more stress) on the capacity of a man to get along with his fellow-citizens.

※ For in a university, science majors look down on humanities majors, foreign language majors (look down) on Chinese majors, Chinese majors (look down) on philosophy majors, philosophy majors (look down) on sociology majors, and sociology majors (look down) on education majors. Since education majors have no one to look down on, they can only despise the professors in their own department. ——‘Fortress besieged’ by Zhongshu Qian

知识点（3）Lesson03-57

work v. 英文解释：to have a particular effect or result 有某种效果

※ The strategy seems to be working.

※ Criticizing your former employers works against you in the interview.

※ The system has worked so well, that it has been adopted in other countries too.

※ Carlyle was entirely ignorant of what the bottle in his pocket contained, of the nature of the illness from which his friend was suffering, and of what had previously been wrong with his wife, but a medicine that had worked so well in one form of illness would surely be of equal benefit in another, and comforted by the thought of the help he was bringing to his friend, he hastened to Henry Taylor's house.

知识点（4）Lesson03-32 介词of在句子中做的成分

语法：of + 名词 : 描述人或事物的特征

1、做后置定语。

※ nothing of value = nothing valuable

※ a matter of significance = a significant matter 

※ a ship of 46,000 tons

※ a man of wide social relations 

2、在系动词后做表语。(be of)

※ ... proved to be of great interest. = proved to be very interesting. 

※ It is of no use = it is useless.

※ Her dress is of dark crimson. 

※ He is of a peculiar disposition. 

※ a man of middle height = The man is of middle height.

※ a girl of remarkable imagination = The girl is of remarkable imagination.

※ 课文写法替换： 

※ be of equal

※ be equally beneficial

※ Gre写作范文：

※ The mayor ’s inference that the new municipal golf course and resort hotel which worked so well to Ocean View’s economy   in the past will surely be of equal benefit in the future rests on the poor  assumption that during the past two years all the conditions upon which their effectiveness depends have remained unchanged.

History does not relate whether his friend accepted his medical help, but in all probability he did.

History does not relate whether his friend accepted his medical help（宾语从句）, but in all probability（很可能） he did.

知识点（1）

in all +（抽象名词）… 很有可能…、非常…（相当于这个词的副词形式）

in all probability 非常可能地

= very probably 

in all likelihood 非常可能地

= very likely

in all honesty 毫无隐瞒地

= very honestly 

in all frankness 非常坦诚地

= very frankly

in all seriousness 非常严肃地

= very seriously 

in all sincerity 极其真诚地

= very sincerely

in all eagerness 非常渴望地

= very eagerly

※ John Dewey has said in all seriousness that the part played by custom in shaping the behavior of the individual, as against any way in which he can affect traditional custom, is as the proportion of the total vocabulary of his mother tongue against those words of his own baby talk that are taken up into the vernacular of his family.

※ Dear Edward: I’ve gone back and forth the last few days trying to decide whether or not I should even  write this. In  the end,  I realized  I  would regret it if I didn’t. So, here goes. I know, the last time we saw each other, we weren’t exactly hitting the sweetest notes. It certainly wasn’t the way I wanted our trip to end. I suppose I’m responsible, and for that I’m sorry  . But in all honesty, if I had the chance, I'd do it again.

※ Good afternoon. My name is Edward Cole. I do not know what most people say on these occasions, because in all honesty I've tried to avoid them.

The great advantage of taking medicine is that it makes no demands on the taker beyond that of putting up for a moment with a disgusting taste, and that is what all patients demand of their doctors -- to be cured at no inconvenience to themselves.

The great advantage of taking medicine（后置定语） is that it makes no demands on the taker beyond that（代替demands） of putting up for a moment（时间状语，前置） with a disgusting taste（that … 表语从句）, and（大并列）that is what all patients demand of their doctors（what … 表语从句）—to be cured at no inconvenience to themselves（前面表语从句的同位语）.

知识点（1）【课文句型提炼】

make no demands on sb. beyond that of doing sth. 除了做某事之外，没有别的要求

※ I make no demands on you beyond that of studying hard.

※ I make no demands on you beyond that of quitting smoking. 

※ I make no demands on you beyond that of not nagging at me. 

知识点（2）

demand sth. of sb. 像某人要求某事

※ He demands little of others but a lot of himself.

※ Gre阅读真题：

※ Perhaps, some scientists thought, migrants determine their geographic position on Earth by celestial navigation, almost as human navigators use stars and planets, but this would demand of the animals a fantastic map sense.